Improvement in sewees



JESSE BROWN, OF SAN FRANClSC'O, CALIFORNIA.

ILetters Patent No. 79,199, dated .fu-ne 23, 1868.

, l `IMPROVEMENT IN SBWERS.

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yCll') ALL .WHQM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, JESSE BROWN, of San Francisco, in the county of San Francisco, and 'State of Galifornia, have invented a new and improved Mode of Draining Privy-Vaults, rby the use of a protective cap, to pre-- vent sewers 'from choking and clogging up, instead of gratos or screens heretofore and now used, which is the -most' easy,"and cheapest, and the most convenient and durable of all methods oi' keeping privies cleaned of their contentsnand which is equally well adapted to filtration, fermentation, and disintegration, wherever it maybe used and applied; and the followingr is a. general description thereof.

My invention consists of a protective cap, which is constructed in the shape and form rof the accompanying drawing, of brick, red-wood, metal, or other materials that are not subject to decomposition by ammonia, of such dimensions and size, and so adjusted, as to aiiord the necessary protection, and form the requisite channels to accomplish the object proposed. I I

The protective cap is a hollow, rectangular box, of a length much lgreater than its depth or breadth, but which may be varied in all its parts to fit the locality to which it is applied. Its plane and inner face is uncovered and open. Its two'corresponding side faces havenl right angle, at the necessary and proper distance from 4euch end, cut down to about onehalf the -entire depth, causing the'outer face to have and exhibit a plane of about one-half its length, with an ascending right angle of half its' depth, followed by another plano of about one-hali` its length, whichJ in practical use, will vary, to adjust itself to any4 locality. The outer surface or cova erin'g of the lower plane projects upward at a right line with and under the upper plane a short distance, but, as fax' as is practically necessary, leaving and forming an open channel at the ascending;r angle, of the full lengtl` and breadth ofthe angle. The twoA ends of the protective cap are covered.

- In ordervthat those skilled in the arts may be able to construct my invention, I will proceed more fully to describe its construction and application, reference being-had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specication, in whch- Figure 1 is a section at the line A-B in g. 2, shown in perspective. Figure 2, a. plan, showing the vaults D, A A, made of brick or other materials. AFigures 3 and 4,' top and side view of the protector. The same letters in the different figures represent the same things in the different figures. A A is part of the vault. B is the protector, made of suitable materials. C C showing the channel for the decomposed Huid to escape; D, the coarse stu' in the vault. l Dl represents decomposed strata. Il)z specifies heavy' pieces at the bottom. E E, the sewer, to carryoi the uid. The' protective cap stands upon the door of a vault, on the lower end of its thinnest plane, lengthwise, and perpendicular to an inner face of a .privywall or other wall to which it is applied, 'to which it is lirmly attached, so that its cavity covers centrally the mouth of the sewer, through which the lwater and slush pass from aprivyvault, andthrough which other substances pass from other vaults. The entire lower plane of the protective cap, together withits sides and outer face, from the door nf the vault to its vertex, covered beneath the upper plane within the angle or channel, performs the double oice of forming achannel to the withinmouth of the sewer, vand'oi' protecting it from choking or'clogging by the approach and contact of heavy substances; andthe upper plsneof the protective cap, being half its entire length deeper than its lower plane, performs the double oice ofj'orming a channel, at its'angle, of its entire breadth and half` its depth, exclusive of the thickness of its walls or partition, along the outerv upper surface -of the back of the -lower plane, and the lower portions of the vin nersurface of the-,sides and hack of the upper plane, to and over its vertex, into the channel formed by it and the wall, throughl which, when the surface of rthe substance-as in the privy-vault or `other vaults, rises to a line above the vertex of the lower plane, the water and slush4 pass on their wrayvto the mouth of the sewer, andthe upper plane extends dorvn'es far helow the within vertex of the outer wall or partition of the lower plane, that none of the approaching floating substances', deposited in the vault, can pass through the channel formed by it and the lower plane into the mouth of the sewer. v

My invention will be more readilynunderstood, a-nd its utility more generallyeppreciatcd, by statement of the following facts, to wit, thnt the contents of all privy-vaults naturally divide-'r'.tl-Iemselves into three parts, viz, first, the light upper and clogg'y substances, which are always float-ing upon the vsurface; second, .the middle part, being constantly increased by the decomposing lmatter formed by the upper floating substances,

`amounting to more than nine-tenths ofthe contents of all privies, and consisting of a. slushy, watery substance,

which will, properly protected from the immediate approach of the st u", readily find its way'through the channels, into dnd through tho'mouth of the sewer; third, the lower part of the contents of a privy-vault consist of heavy substances, such as sand, broken glass, crockery,`metal, Ste., Ste., whichivilL-without the' use of 4the protective cap, soon obstruct the sewer. But by using .the protective cop, if the -wuste and ruin-waterfront the dwelling-house were' caused, by proper pipes,to pass into the privy-vaults, it would never require to 4be cleaned, nor would al harbor.` -ever be perceptibly filled up by sewers protected'in this way.

What I claim to be my invention, and desirev to secure by Letters Patent, is The protective-ccp, when constructed and arranged as described, so as to secure the upper und lower drains of privies, as set forth.

JESSE BROWN.

Witnesses:

JOHN J. Prrsrun, JAMES NICHOLS. 

